A blighted ovum, also called an anembryonic pregnancy or anembryonic gestation, occurs when a gestational sac develops without an embryo — often due to chromosomal abnormalities in the fertilized egg. This may be from a poor-quality sperm or egg. Or, it may occur due to abnormal cell division.
Signs of a Blighted Ovum
- Abdominal cramps
- Vaginal spotting or bleeding
- A period that is heavier than usual.
A blighted ovum usually occurs in the first few weeks of pregnancy, often before a woman even knows she's pregnant. However, a woman might miss a period and have a positive pregnancy test. This is because the placenta secretes human chronic gonadotropic (HCG), a pregnancy hormone. Symptoms of early pregnancy — such as breast tenderness — are possible as well. But when the placenta stops growing and hormone levels decrease, the pregnancy symptoms subside. At this point, minor abdominal cramping and light spotting or bleeding are possible. An ultrasound will show an empty gestational sac.
A blighted ovum eventually results in miscarriage. Some women choose to wait for the miscarriage to happen naturally, while others take medication to trigger the miscarriage. In some cases, a procedure called dilation and curettage (D&C) is used to remove the placental tissues.
Most women who've had a blighted ovum go on to have successful pregnancies. If you experience multiple consecutive miscarriages, you might consider testing to identify any underlying causes.
